Molarity (Molar Concentration)

Molarity, denoted by M, is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution. It is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter (1000 milliliters) of solution. The formula used to calculate molarity is M = n / V, where n is the number of moles of the solute and V is the volume of the solution in liters. This concept is fundamental in chemistry, as it allows for the quantification of reaction stoichiometry, the preparation of standard solutions, and the comparison of solute concentrations in different solutions.