Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction states that the electromotive force (emf) induced in a closed circuit is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit. In this formula, emf represents the induced electromotive force, ΔΦ (delta phi) is the change in magnetic flux, and Δt (delta t) is the time interval over which the magnetic flux changes.

The magnetic flux is defined as the product of the magnetic field and the area perpendicular to the field, and it is measured in webers (Wb). The induced emf is measured in volts (V), and the time is measured in seconds (s).

In practice, Faraday's Law explains the operation of electrical transformers, inductors, and many types of electrical generators and motors.