Flux Quantization in a Superconducting Loop (SQUID)

In superconductivity, flux quantization is a fundamental principle where the magnetic flux ('Φ') in a superconducting loop is quantized and only consists of an integer number of flux quanta ('Φ₀'). The flux quantum is the quantum of magnetic flux passing through a superconductor and is a constant value approximately equal to 2.067833831e-15 Wb (weber). In the formula, 'n' is an integer that represents the number of flux quanta. The resulting flux is then an integer multiple of the flux quantum, showing the discrete nature of the magnetic flux in a superconducting ring, which is especially relevant for Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs).